Warfare and innate human aggression

Fighting is a typical trait of all primate social orders and its principle include is viciousness or strife. The goal is generally to accomplish a mental or material control over the foe since one gathering sees that the adversary is increasingly predominant and two gatherings can't consent to correspondence as approach to tackle their disparities. There are many propelling variables that lead to war including assets, power, sociological and mental components. The purpose of center here is the mental elements.Advertising We will compose a custom exploration paper test on Warfare and inborn human animosity explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Psychologists have contended that people are innately fierce, this is to imply that they are normally forceful in this manner the explanation behind them participating in wars.Psychologists like E.F.M. Durban and John Bowlby accept that forcefulness is brought about by outrage disdain, and inclination against different countries , religions, philosophies, races and different qualities that make mankind extraordinary. Sigmund Freud an individual considered as father of brain science contends that there is a store of forceful vitality in people normally and unexpectedly and that this vitality must be at times discharged trough sports to keep it from causing savagery. Anyway others accept this is only a hypothesis and that human forcefulness is all the more a trademark gained through support not nature, making the question† Are Humans Innately Aggressive?† or is it only a false notion and subsequently the need to fundamentally look at the truth. The initial step would to inspect the discussion of nature or sustain as referenced previously. This has to do with the degree to which human conduct is natural or influenced by ecological factors, for example, culture, job of guardians and friends. The subject of sustain and nature as been there since the Darwinian period with the contention taking three s ides: some state that culture is at fault; others contend it is sense and thirdly some contend it is hereditary. â€Å"Aggression is an activity with the goal to make hurt; in any case, brutality alludes to an activity with outrageous mischief as the principle objective of the activity Culture is likewise the total of the instinctual powers of people diverted into foundations that take into account great and awful conduct, where the individuals who follow the rules are acceptable and the violators are terrible (Fornari, 261). Culture can in this way not be totally isolated from impulses or human wants yet must be utilized to assist people with fitting to the particular society that an individual is living in and consequently the two components ought to be taken care of together.Advertising Looking for research paper on brain science? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Different societies have various qualities that they have faith in and are imparted in the individuals for direction. A few societies empower brutality and even prize those that are exceptionally vicious and are considered as pride of the network. The majority of these networks are found in Africa and the Asian countries. Different societies are quiet, delicate support harmony and even rebuff those that take part in brutality. People dissimilar to different creatures are organically made to empower; normal reasoning, thought, inventiveness and culture and thus it is this factor should empower them to coordinate and to exist together. Again on account of this factor, people pick what they need and who they need to be, there is nothing of the sort as nature everything relies upon the qualities and standards that we clutch. Besides some researcher have contended not every single individual have impulses, which are; inborn inclinations, for example, want to eat and repeat, in this manner the contention if for sure there is one for animosity. A nyway all people have some level of hostility for security and taking care of, what maters is the means by which far is an individual wiling to be forceful and that relies upon the qualities that have been ingrained in the person by culture (Fornari, 265). Hereditarily testosterone has been accepted to be the reason for hostility, anyway it is only a source and there has to an outside factor that impacts aggressiveness.Serotin is another hormone that is accepted to cause animosity, for it is liable for introverted practices in human in the event that it is low in the body yet like testosterone it can not be exclusively accused for animosity yet is utilized by individuals as a substitute. The greater part of the defenders of this thought of inborn animosity have gotten reactions, for example, their investigations depend on creature tests disregarding the significant contrasts that there among creatures and people, also numerous kinds of creature hostility are not like human hostiliti es, people are mind boggling and have capacity to reason normally not at all like creatures, lastly there is minimal organic proof that bolsters this hypothesis. Having taken a gander at inborn human hostility it’s apparent that it not a reason for fighting and it is discovered it is all social orders People who accept in any case are additionally improbable to help harmony developments yet rather bolster wars.( Fisk and Schellenberg)explains that† we do have a decision as for animosity and war. To a degree, such ruinous tendency is expected unequivocally to the mixed up supposition that we are vulnerable to control a basically fierce nature’. The significant reasons for war as referenced before seem to be ;influence, one of the significant reason for wars in the world’s history ,pioneers, for example, Hitler prompted the passings of numerous because of wars that they started because of their personals aspirations of accomplishing supreme influence, assets the other significant component that has been a significant power that prompted war throughout the hundreds of years all in interest for a more area and riches, sociological wars are different sorts of wars that have included on the planet and ere brought about by social political and financial factors for instance the universal wars, strict wars likewise regular particularly with the Muslims and Jews ,some are about initiative ,revering places like sanctuaries and furthermore philosophies upheld by a specific religion.Advertising We will compose a custom examination paper test on Warfare and natural human animosity explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are factors that have portrayed present day wars, for example, Marxists hypotheses wars are because of free market and the class frameworks that have prompted rivalry for assets and markets, the speculations contend that these wars would possibly end just if the two classes would vanish yet it would take an up heaval for that to occur. The other kind of present day wars is endorsed by the UN to encourage harmony in a country that is encountering emergency for instance the bay wars and Korean Wars. Most wars reach a conclusion and individuals frequently result to, levelheaded thinking to comprehend their disparities which includes arrangement, intervention, assertion, discretion and execution of the understandings. This shows there are better methods of compromise rather than wars. Determination Humans being a result of their social orders and societies, their activities and choices are exclusively subject to nature in which they live and not human senses. Human hostility is widespread yet wars are not, since there are such huge numbers of quiet countries where individuals are cultivated and reason past their own impulses. A few social orders also have been engaged with wars in past ,for instance Sweden, yet it has changed from a general public portrayed by wars to a quiet and industrializ ed country and this must be clarified as far as social and political variables and not people impulses since individuals despite everything exist there and they are not battling. The job of the earth is imperative to the point that the intrinsic conduct hypothesis seen to be strange in light of the fact that other human needs like sex have been controlled through chastity, while individuals endure hunger when they quick willfully. It could be considered as saying; it is the idea of structures to consume in light of the fact that there is oxygen in our planet. Numerous false notions have been made, for example, ‘we are destined to be executioners, we have a reason to act like killers† and individuals have been made to have faith in them by there makers who are frequently our rulers and administrators. On the off chance that individuals are forceful in nature and war can't be stayed away from we at that point need exceptionally incredible pioneers, governments, solid milit aries and security powers, and a ton of direction from the congregation to spare us from ourselves. To comprehend hostility therapists need to discover the how individuals can remain in one gathering and calmly exist together yet assault different gatherings since they don’t have a place with a similar gathering despite the fact that they are still humans.This is proof that wars are past senses and nature however a greater amount of sustain, and that animosity is found out or acquired.Advertising Searching for research paper on brain science? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Works Cited Fisk and Schellenberg. Examples of Conflict, Paths to Peace. Peterborough,ON: Broadview Press, 2000. Print. Fornari, Franco. The Psychoanalysis of War. NewYork: Doubleday: Anchor Press, 1974. Print. This exploration paper on Warfare and natural human animosity was composed and put together by client Gloria F. to help you with your own investigations. You are allowed to utilize it for exploration and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here.

Analyse Diffrent Types of Business Information and Their Sources Their Essay

In Project LYD they utilize various types of business data to convey as a business, in this area of my work I will research the various sorts of business data that exists in the association that I am taking a gander at. They are a wide range of types of business that will be utilized for venture LYD for correspondence, for example, verbal correspondence, similar to gatherings and meetings, composed like messages, onscreen like introductions, mixed media like TV advertisements and movies. Lastly online like facebook, MSN, and Twitter. These sorts of data are essential to a task LYD as every one is utilized when various kinds of data. Verbal correspondence is additionally separated into composed and oral correspondence. The oral correspondence alludes to the expressed words in the correspondence procedure. Oral correspondence can either be vis-à-vis correspondence or a discussion via telephone or on the voice visit over the Internet. Spoken discussions or discoursed are affected by voice balance, pitch, volume and even the speed and clearness of talking. Verbal correspondence would be a type of outer data; this is on the grounds that you’re gathering the customer’s criticism and their opinion of your item. The motivation behind verbal correspondence could have numerous favorable circumstances, for instance in a gathering you could discuss the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats. By doing this you can cover any worries that you have with your item, and improve it. Oral correspondence portrays any connection that utilizes verbally expressed words, and is significant in the business world. It is significant that this aptitude is done proficiently in an independent company like Project LYD and the directors whom work structure the business, who are the most probable ones to take an interest in this sort of correspondence as an aspect of their responsibilities is to do the accompanying: customer/client introductions, worker meetings, and leading gatherings. Another type of verbal correspondence that is turning out to be well known is the utilization of pretend; this is the point at which a gathering of individuals carry on jobs for a specific situation. This is a decent method to prepare your understudies since you can get them to showcase a specific situation, this trains them by letting them so you as a worker what they have realized and what they bring to the table. Pretends can be very tedious anyway setting that aside its an extremely compelling method of communicating as the need should arise to your crowd, pretends are utilized widely in associations to prepare staff to manage clients. Its a compelling as it additionally gives the crowd to evaluate new thoughts and abilities that have been talked about. The hotspots for verbal correspondence could be the connection in client benefits; this is on the grounds that the staff part could impart to the clients verbally by call. The staff part can encourage to the clients who might be encountering issues or have issues with the item, there can arrangement and resolve the issues that are confronted. Just as this another source could be in deals, by call the business group could pull in clients into purchasing items that venture LYD brings to the table, much more so the entryway to entryway deals group could likewise utilize verbal correspondence to attempt to sell the items. It is significant for the business group to have great verbal capacity, this is on the grounds that they are attempting to get the shoppers to purchase results of them, to do this effectively they need to draw in them and get them keen on the item this all relies upon how great their attempt to seal the deal is. Another division that may utilize this is the human asset office; they utilize verbal correspondence in preparing and advancement. They need to prepare the staff, verbal correspondence is significant in this condition as they need to show the new staff individuals their activity capacities and job in the business. For instance if the staff part would have been prepared for the call place, the part of verbal correspondence will be critical in this division. Composed Written correspondence. Composed correspondence comprises of updates, reports, notices, sets of expectations, representative manuals, electronic mail, Internet Web locales, letters, proposition, messages, faxes, postcards, contracts, ads, pamphlets, and news discharges. The viability of composed correspondence relies upon the style of composing, jargon utilized, sentence structure, lucidity and accuracy of language. This can sort of correspondence is extremely successful for venture LYD; this is on the grounds that you can speak with different individuals engaged with the business for instance this could be the representatives, providers, or any other person associated with the organization. Likewise you can send of messages to anyone who has joined your site, advising them on late offers regarding the organization. Since venture LYD is a generally independent venture it’s significant for them to create successful composed specialized strategies. This sort of correspondence is wide spread and can comprise of customers, merchants, and different individuals from the business network. They are numerous focal points of composed correspondence, One preferred position is that composed messages don't need to be conveyed spontaneously; rather, they can be altered and updated a few times before they are sent with the goal that the substance can be changed in accordance with as well as can be expected be. Another preferred position is that put down correspondence gives a perpetual account of the messages that have been sent and can be put something aside for later examination. Since they are lasting, composed types of correspondence additionally empower beneficiaries to take additional time in assessing the message and giving proper criticism. Hence, composed types of correspondence are regularly viewed as increasingly fitting for complex business messages that incorporate significant statistical data points. Composed correspondence includes any sort of collaboration that utilizes the composed word; composed correspondence is regular in ordinary business circumstances, so it is significant for entrepreneurs and chiefs to create powerful composed relational abilities, to profit their organization. Despite the fact that we have seen a blast in innovation over the ongoing years and the reality it’s prone to grow much increasingly, composed correspondence is still observed as being significant in a business. Composing capacity is particularly significant in client correspondence. Strategic plans, status reports, client documentation, specialized help, or even email answers all rely upon clear composed correspondence. A wellspring of composed correspondence could be in the HR office, this is on the grounds that they have to convey to extend LYD’s partners this could incorporate input to clients or to the organizations providers this could include requests to and from Project LYD. This should be possible in different manners for instance letters, messages and faxes, all of which must have a decent understanding and capacity of composed correspondence. Composed correspondence is generally compelling to the account office; this is on the grounds that their job incorporates tracking the buys and deals made by a business just as capital spending. The entirety of this obtains composed correspondence the money group additionally needs to stay with asset reports for the , Financial proclamations should be created at given time stretches, for instance toward the finish of each budgetary year. Preliminary adjusts are separated from the record passages to make a Balance Sheet demonstrating the advantages and liabilities for venture LYD at the year end. Onscreen On screen correspondence. This kind of correspondence incorporates power point introductions they are actually and outwardly planned, the upsides of this correspondence is that it is outwardly appealing to the eye. This sort of correspondence is viable in light of the fact that its not all words, there’s various components in the introduction which benefits various kinds of students, this is on the grounds that it has pictures, words and verbal parts to the introduction. Just as this its not every single expressed word, you can truly observe it which a few people like. Significantly more so in light of the fact that it’s not all verbally expressed you can give more consideration for more. This kind of correspondence can be utilized in venture LYD to speak with staff as opposed to continuing for a considerable length of time with words, this is progressively productive method of correspondence as its keeping them included and by doing this it catches their eye. Interactive media introductions can be seen face to face in front of an audience, anticipated, transmitted or played locally with a media player. The communicates that are seen can be either live or finished with a media player. Communicates and accounts should be possible by utilizing both computerized and simple; advanced online media might be downloaded or gushed. A business introduction is ordinarily done on a PC and is then anticipated utilizing a projector, this includes an assortment of media including text, slides, photographs, pictures, video, sounds, music and connections to web locales. Pictures can upgrade on screen correspondence to a group of people, this is on the grounds that we are bound to recall what we see than what we hear, so this implies demonstrating pictures can be the most ideal approach to enable a crowd of people to recollect the message that you are attempting to put cross. On screen correspondence could be sourced to the Sales group, this is on the grounds that when the Sales group goes to do introductions to schools for instance they can interoperate their verbal correspondence into their on screen correspondence. Rather than simply conversing with the understudies they can energize them about the item by improving the verbal students as well as the visual also. Online Web based interchanges is correspondence done over the web, a case of this is on long range informal communication locales. Since venture LYD is focused on individuals leaving school and school, since long range interpersonal communication destinations are turning out to be increasingly more mainstream consistently and altogether developing in numbers. The mean number of individuals who are utilizing informal organization

Cross-Cultural Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Culturally diverse Management - Essay Example In any case, it has likewise gotten certain significant difficulties for these associations to prevail in the worldwide field. There are different determinants for universal business that limit the authoritative capacities to profit openings globally. One of the significant determinants that numerous specialists have considered is the culturally diverse parts of the worldwide business. Social contrasts are frequently hard to watch and measure while inability to comprehend the way of life may effectsly affect the business association that can diminish the business execution (Ghemawat and Reiche, 2011). The poor comprehension of cross culture affects the business procedure just as on the administration as it might build the inclination towards submitting business goofs. Eminently, the achievement or the disappointment of business enormously depends on the presentation of HR inside associations. Subsequently, the constraint of specific understandings such language, business decorum, sta ndards and qualities by the HR in an association at global level has frequently fell numerous business associations (The Culturosity Group, LLC, 2004) Overview of the Airbus Consortium Airbus is an auxiliary organization of Netherlands based European Aeronautic Defense and Space Company (EADS) with its headquarter situated in Toulouse, France and the creativity of significant European nations including France, Spain, Germany and the United Kingdom is joined to make a goliath organization to contend with other significant organizations, for example, Boeing of the United States. The consortium is a key producer of military airlifters just as business jetliners, ceaselessly included since past 40 years (Airbus S.A.S., 2012). Airbus works all around and makes an incentive for its far reaching clients and investors. The organization utilizes in excess of 55,000 work force from more than 100 nationalities around the globe. The company’s activities extraordinarily depend on modern p articipation just as on association with world’s a couple of the significant organizations. The organization has in excess of 1500 providers spread more than 30 nations. Its prosperity is ascribed to a blend of thoughts, vision and information, for example, a mix of different societies in its work procedure. The organization with its worldwide nearness and growing business tasks has now become a universal family (Airbus S. A. S., 2012). Source: (Observatory of Sustainability in Aviation, 2012) Cross-Cultural Issues Faced By the Airbus Consortium Airbus consortium is a global organization which has workforce from all around the globe. In any case, the organization has consistently been careful and has regarded assorted variety and business morals inside the association. The organization constantly endeavors to look for circumstances so as to receive the rewards gave by socially various workforce submitted towards achieving the hierarchical objectives. The organization with its multi-culture group guarantees that it is productive to comprehend the different needs of its assorted clients, partners and

Womens Time Review Essay Example

Womens Time Review Paper Paper on Womens Time I have not perused the other incredible works of Elena Chizhov aside from the last novel The Time of Women Russian Booker chosen one 2009. At the point when they reported the short-list, to straighten something up, and an abundance of available time (what else to accomplish at work?) Search the system works of creators candidates one of the most-Russian scholarly honors. At that point I got the attention of the story Nyutochka. Recollect perusing it gradually and drearily, presumably I would not have recalled notwithstanding the black out tone of Gogol. In the novel, I didn't perceive the creator of Nyutochki. The story made man, fine feeling of the word and world writing of the XIX century, however the work appeared to be far expelled from life, his authenticity was adapted, aesthetic or something, rather than the present  «The Time of Women. a living book. It voices of living individuals the fundamental characters of the novel grandmas Evdokia, Glyceria, Ariadne, a single parent, Antonina, and their normal little girl granddaughter Sofyushki (idiotic young lady, yet impeccably draws her photos her tongue). Furthermore, its truth shows up with alarming sureness legend. In antiquated occasions, individuals don't question reality of the stories and legends. Confidence is to a great extent controlled by a people life: he did whatever it takes not to defy the guidelines, since he realized that he would at some point or another end up in place where there is the dead, and brought under the watchful eye of an appointed authority to respond in due order regarding all his demonstrations. Chizhova champion identify with life as carefully and respectfully. Grandma immovably accept (and let each character their own confidence) in God and the Last Judgment. In any case, obviously Glikeriya, and Ariadne, and Evd okia, and Antonina surely good, their viewpoint isn't contorted misrepresentation, they are not contaminated with the infection bargain: their unassuming educational experience appears to them progressively influential, and all the more explicitly, the unwavering than the mass crazy any expectation of widespread socialism and upbeat future. Heaven, it is just in paradise state the grandma in the kitchen. On stories Antonina that soon everything will be free, and everybody will have the option to take anything he desires and as much as he needs, they are wary answer, they state, had just changed the cost and like guaranteed that everything will be less expensive, however in actuality the old 500 rubles started five rubles. Just on the old 500 rubles could be something to purchase, however the new not accepting even a, dislike cabbage. We will compose a custom exposition test on Womens Time Review explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom article test on Womens Time Review explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom article test on Womens Time Review explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer The silly enemy of middle class Soviet folklore (that individuals are more regrettable live in America since state they are not thinking and living space doesn't discharge, and, for example, Antonin, for the most part on the road toss; others are additionally striking models found in the book) appears differently in relation to the cheerful socialist reality: Individuals Former neighbor grandmas Sytinskaya guides Antonina before moving to mutual: You, he says one hundred ruh not apprehensive primary concern, put yourself: Do not let individuals feel that housewives in the kitchen my space will involve Im great repelled by the window And in this way, on the off chance that anything, take yes prikrikni:.. the corners raspolzutsya feel sorry for the person you don't have.. a portion of my dread Executive of worker's organization Zoya brought about by Antonin genuine issue (it changed with Nikolai Rucheynikovym line on TV) and says: You, Antonina, watching, lady ushlaya and dumb . OK, when I was youthful. Furthermore, presently, the tea, not the young lady. Once brought into the lap, the subsequent time taking a stab at? Furthermore, will create without fathers? Use what we have a decent government and nurseries, and nursery, and all you need with a royal flair. Try not to need to conceive an offspring at any rate under each fence Antonina answered: Why are you so Zoya? what's more, at the very hands tremble. Am I someones neck? In two-move work, as long as the childs regular daily existence. Also, in a trough simply anything went three months and not go into the nursery. - (administrator proceeds to clarify what was happening prim.moe) Thank you state that the ace in two movements permits. Additionally consider: in America like you dirty brush. There with such an issue doesn't make an object. Come, he says think. Also, it will be past the point of no return Dynamic Zoya will assume a significant job in the life of Antonina:. It chooses anything from anybody without asking that Antonina and Nikolai cakes in the bistro eating, yet in addition a kid considered As. lady apathetic regarding the life of the Soviet companions, it would hold an open discussion with Nicholas, that he wedded Antonina. and keeping in mind that he didn't pass by a man, she would not give him a room, for which he was ten years of age. what's more, presently likewise turn it drew nearer, however Zoe Ivanovna another room, family, gave. Why Nicholas desolate room, where different confidants live like ordinary individuals family and endure Occasions When Antonina made a genuine activity (she was determined to have malignancy), she required medicine Neither the emergency clinic nor in a facility qualities?. medications to at any rate a little to facilitate the agony, isn't permitted. to be progressively exact, to give, however in little portions and in the request line. the medications were required direly, and many, so we had grandparents call the home attendant. (From that point forward, basically nothing has changed). To prick something Glikeriya jumps - opy? (a specialist companion answers prim.moe) Well as a rule, the medication. Also, what number of Evdokia gatekeeper to pay? I don't realize arms spread - . In the previous five rubles was, and now Maybe moving his lips, so would stay to be fifty pennies from the facility .. What's more, assuming, at that point? free from the center gratis no one but medication can not compose That is released, yet not a full course and she will require each day, and afterward twice Lord, Glikeriya hands caught extremely upset for opium So some wiped out ? The whole novel is woven together legendary works of art. Grandmas own folklore (read world) guileless, offbeat combination of odd notions, educational experience and Christianity, Antonina own a miserable dream of joy little girl and discovering love in Sofyushki its existence woven of words grandmas life, fantasies and fears. A significant number of the denounced in purposeful skazitelnosti Chizhov. I concede, I was excessively humiliated. However, the more I read the novel, the more evident it turned into that these apparently over the top effortlessness and pleasant story style not an abstract pastiche, and the main conceivable approach to pass the language wherein to think, talk and feel the courageous woman, to make a picture of their reality . Another perusing of the novel:

The Industry Of Portable Music Players Media Essay

The Industry Of Portable Music Players Media Essay These days, a great many people on the planet love to tune in to the music. Some of them use it for unwinding, some for motivation and vitality, however paying little heed to the reasons, music turned into a significant piece of our lives. This is demonstrated by the way that now we can meet an ever increasing number of individuals with headphones in their ears while strolling, going in tram or in any event, working. Convenient sound players are currently as well known as the Beatles were during the 1960s (Biersdorfer 2009). Every period has its melodic bearer. The 60s and 70s were set apart by strips in rolls and phonograph records; 80s were set apart by the appearance of tapes. Time passed and the conveys changed; sound players turned out to be progressively compact, tech. The sentiment has left, and just functional issues remained the music moved into advanced configuration (GreenFacts 2008). A little while ago we have ipod, Iriver and a lot more brands under which the players are delivered. Be that as it may, thirty years prior such a mind-bending concept as a versatile music player, didn't exist by any means. There were profound reel and tape recorders, stereos. There was no chance of investing energy tuning in to most loved tracks. In any case, the thought was drifting some place noticeable all around and sat tight for its virtuoso. The Japanese were the principal who began to build up the possibility of compact music players (Krakow 2005). Indeed, even now, not all things are thought about the specific making of the principal versatile music player. There are two significant and very unlikely forms: as per the first, a designer Nobutoshi Kihara made it for the head of Sony, so he could tune in to music during long outings through the sea. As indicated by the second the possibility of a compact tape recorder was made by Akio Morita himself (author of Sony). Watching his youngsters throughout the entire days tuning in to the sound systems of their preferred the Beatles and Elvis, he need the gadget for tuning in to music, which he could take wherever with him. He demanded player not to have recording capacity. What's more, it was an intense move, taking into account that the majority of work area tape recorders were well known gratitude to their capacity to record music (Clements 1994). Sony speculated the craving of general society. The outcome was a flat out smash hit. In 1979, a little tape player Walkman TPS-L2 was discharged. Despite the fact that it was the first of its sort, it cost less $ 200. The primary Walkman players utilized attractive sound tapes and looked cumbersome a smidgen. Sony first promoted that arrangement in Japan, in 1979. Walkmans where quite often controlled by two AA batteries and gave rather great quality music if the tape was of acceptable quality (Hart-Davis 2004). After some time, Walkman TPS-L2 was perceived as perhaps the best innovation of the organization. Or then again even the best in history when all is said in done. As indicated by rating of the 50 best gadgets made by humankind made by the magazine PC World, the primary spot was granted L2, held onto the gold award even from iPod. After that Sony chose not to stop: and in 1980 gave the world the primary model of CD. Furthermore, after four years the principal versatile model Sony Discman D50 showed up. It cost as needs be $ 500 (Glenn 2006). The limit of the primary CD was 640 MB, and that number was not infrequent. Morita made an exploration, which gave an exceptionally intriguing information. It was discovered that potential purchasers of CDs are the individuals who liked to tune in to old style music. Taking the most famous in Japan, Ninth Symphony by Beethoven, which keeps going just about 74 minutes, the architects moved 74 minutes of sixteenth piece sound into bytes, and got 640 MB (Gray 2010). While numerous individuals despite everything feel that such a size of a plate is only a specialized restriction, it isn't so. Some time later the circles with 700 and even 800 MB were made, in spite of the fact that the laser parameters were not changed. Somehow, Sony has constantly centered around the requirements of the purchaser. What's more, it was the primary mystery of accomplishment of the organization during the period from 70s to 90s, when the seller has gained an immaculate notoriety and gigantic regard among cust omers (Lungu 2008). Bit during the 1990s the Japanese did a slip-up, making its own ATRAC sound configuration and new transporters Mini Disk. Work in those regions could without much of a stretch transform into a triumph. Little Disk was fundamentally not exactly the ordinary CD, therefore, as the players for them. The main player with new transporter, Sony Walkman MD MZ1, was minimized in examination with the primary CD-models. In any case, cost an excessive amount of $ 750 (Martin 2009). By and large a decent endeavor experienced disaster. In Japan, the new innovation was welcomed heartily, yet the unflinching American market completely dismissed the production of another Sony. Deals of little circles in Russia were all the more extremely poor. The market had a lot of modest CD-players, which were a lot simpler to use than the new Mini Disk with the new arrangement ATRAC. The disappointment of the ATRAC was a direct result of the need to transcode music from CDs to computerized position singular records. That questionable need removed five minutes of time on the transcoding of each record. From one viewpoint, it was an advancement the accounts could be kept not on the compacts, however in the PC. In any case, that reality additionally gave a major drawback: those days there were not all that numerous PCs and they were moderate and space on hard drive was insufficient for music assortments (Gross 2007). Likewise, music in ATRAC was secured by an arrangement of duplicate insurance OpenMG the innovation of Sony. Such records couldn't be tuned in to on another PC or player. The clients were not fulfilled by that reality. On the off chance that the disappointment of MD-players on the ATRAC was accepted, the refusal to help discharged in 1995 MP3 was a gigantic indiscretion. Numerous organizations, including Sony, disparaged the possibilities for MP3. The individuals comprehended the magnificence of the new organization. By 1998 hard drives were at that point ready to suit a little sound assortment, and the PCs adapted to encoding sound CDs to MP3. What's more, moderately little records could be effortlessly sent over the Internet. In this way, none at that point required that risky ATRAC (Ruckert 2003). Along these lines, in 1998, a fairly obscure Korean organization Saehan Information Systems discharged its first MP3-player called MPman F10. No circles were utilized; there was utilized a blaze memory of 32MB. A low cost and simplicity of filling the music through a LPT port demonstrated that sooner rather than later, such players would need to become megapopular. The first MP3-player on the hard drive HanGo PJB-100 seemed a year later. It was colossal as a block (150h80h26 mm), extraordinarily costly ($ 800), yet with the memory of 4.8 GB. Around 4500 minutes of music at a bitrate of 128 kbps (Dixon 2006). The main player with hard drive was created by Compaq, yet has started to be made in late 1999 under permit by Hango and was called Personal JukeBox. PJB-100 had hostile to stun support and could oblige around a hundred of CDs to the hard circle with the limit of 4.8 GB. It was rotund dark player with a screen to explore straightforwardly to collections and melodies. Player Creative Nomad Jukebox with 6 GB of limit discharged in September 2000, it despite everything gauged a great deal (around 450 g), yet resembled a compact CD-player. Player Creative gave a chance to play WAV-records and the firmware update additionally permitted to tune in to documents in Microsoft WMA (Shamoon 2009). In 2000, Kenwood has built up a convenient CD-player DPC-MP727, which could play a CD with WMA-record, and in 2001 it presented the Rio Volt joined compact CD-player competent to play both sound CD, and CDs with MP3-documents. It was conceivable to utilize a basic rundown of tunes in M3U, however players with hard drives and glimmer memory chipped away at battery power longer (Humphries 2009). The significant expense and littler comfort prompted the way that removable media didn't get mainstream in the MP3-players. That time, the organization I2Go discharged player dependent on a small scale hard drive IBM MicroDrive. In the MP3-player with a little size it was conceivable even to embed two hard drives of 1 GB MicroDrive, however it cost $ 2000 (Keppler 2010). I2Go stopped to exist subsequent to giving its limited time tests to all the candidates at the Oscar grants function in 2000. Iomega applied a similar methodology in players HipZip, which utilized considerably less costly transporters Click on the 40 MB (PocketZip); cost $ 10 each. Players HipZip repeated sound organization WMA, AAC and MP3. The issue was in this: in spite of the way that it was actually conceivable to help a limit of 60 or 80 MB, Iomega favored 40 MB all together more plates were purchased. Oh dear, however to record an hour of CD quality music on a circle with the limit of 40 MB with no obvious los s of value is inconceivable (Green 2007). Sony has built up its first advanced music player in 2000, yet it was not named Walkman and couldn't play MP3-records. Player MC-P10 Music Clip MP3 encoded documents to ATRAC3, utilized by MiniDisc (and all music gadgets until the creation of Sony telephones Sony Ericsson Walkman). At that point the player was renamed to Memory Stick Walkman and got a space for streak cards Memory Stick, however it despite everything played just ATRAC-records. In 2001, Nike presented its first game player Nike PSA Play, lightweight blaze player with enormous catches, wrist holder and a neoprene case. Around the same time Intel discharged the first MP3-player with a 128 MB Pocket Concert, however it wasnt famous. What's more, in October 2001, Apple reported the initial 5 GB iPod (Khan, Joshua 2010). In this way, the time of 2001 was a defining moment, and positively a milestone for the whole business of compact players. That year, changed the method of tuning in to music, yet the whole music industry changed. Rather than unusual Japanese and desolate Korean players there seemed an amazing iPod. Known for its idea out items, Apple moved toward the making of the player completely: incredible earphones were added to iPods, additionally there was joined a mechanical parchment haggle astounding sound chip. Afterward, wheel turned into a touch and it continues as before till today. Likewise, Apple was

4 Comic Recommendations for Fans of MAKING A MURDERER

4 Comic Recommendations for Fans of MAKING A MURDERER While the sophomore  season of Serial has yet to recapture the the zeal surrounding its debut caper, true crime enthusiasts have found a new obsession on Netflix. The 10-episode Making a Murderer documentary is a sensation. A decade in the making, it chronicles the prosecutionand some argue persecutionof Wisconsins Steven Avery and his nephew Brendan Dassey for the 2005 abduction, rape, murder, and mutilation of photographer Teresa Halbach. The crux for the defense teams, particularly in Averys case, was the suggestion that Avery, previously released from prison after serving 18 years for an assault he didnt commit, had been targeted by vengeful county law enforcement and attorneys. Dasseys team further posited that the inept teen was coerced into providing a damaging, though wildly inconsistent confession implicating himself as well as his uncle in the crime. Is this simply a messy and disorganized prosecution, or were one or both of these men wrongfully convicted as the result of a deep conspiracy? Ive personally been watching the series in a loop since it premiered in December, pausing however infrequently to dash out for repeat screenings of The Force Awakens. The twists and turns in the investigation and ensuing trials makes for endlessly compelling television, the level of access an invaluable resource for fans and writers of true crime and legal dramas alike. Theres also something especially bittersweet about Dasseys story in particular, and much has been written about the snapshot of modern tragedy provided by the banal phone conversations with his beleaguered mother. Yeah?Yeah.Huh?Yeah?Yeah. Yeah. Next time on #MakingAMurderer Paul Montgomery (@fuzzytypewriter) December 23, 2015 Yep, Ive been caught in the riptide, alright. Ive lost days of sleep trying to parse Brendan Dasseys offhand mention of that girl who got eaten by the alligator. #MakingAMurderer Paul Montgomery (@fuzzytypewriter) January 1, 2016 Absolutely my favorite moment of #makingamurderer A video posted by Paul Montgomery (@fuzzytypewriter) on Jan 1, 2016 at 10:34am PST Right, so, where to turn to next. Especially for us comic readers. Well, Ive got some options for you. Green River Killer by  Jef Jensen and Jonathan Case   This ones the high water mark for investigative reports on high profile killers, the one I first recommend when asked for non-fiction crime comic recommendations. Stark and sobering, Jensen and Case offer an account of an evolving investigation. Just as the advancement of DNA testing exonerated and freed Stephen Avery after his 18 year bid, those same breakthroughs helped put Gary Leon Ridgway away for at least 49 murders in Washington state. This case is of particular interest because it centers on 180 days of interviews between Ridgway and investigator Tom Jensen, the writers father. Such access is vital stuff. And it doesnt hurt that this Eisner winning book is drawn by Jonathan Case (Batman 66), one of the industrys best craftsman. My Friend Dahmer by Derf Backderf This is generally the second book I recommend, right after GRK. Again, access is a big thing, but this is a very different book. Written and drawn with an R. Crumb level appreciation for the grotesque and banal in everyday life, My Friend Dahmer is an intimateif sometimes admittedly vagueremembrance of a sociopath in his troubled youth. John Derf Backderf attended Richfield, Ohios Revere High School with Jeffrey Dahmer. Friendships are a tricky thing, and Backderfs seemingly candid depiction of his relationship with Dahmer suggests something closer to observer and curiosity than any deep bond. But the authors speculation about Dahmers home life is a tender addition to the story, particularly as he attempts to make sense of the violence to come. Surviving Saskatoon: Milgaard and Me by David Collier This is a bit of a deep dive and may prove a bit of a goose chase in the vein of finding a green Toyota Rav4 in a packed salvage yard (then again). Published back in 2000, cartoonist David Collier (American Splendor) recounts the trial of another David, Milgaard, wrongfully convicted in 1971 for the rape and murder of a nursing assistant named Gail Miller. Its also a portrait of both  Davids native Saskatoon at the time. Though he was only eight at the time of Milgaards trial, Collier vividly recalls a deeply conservative community, rigid and suspicious. By the time Milgaard was released, a year before Collier released his comic, the man had served 23 years in prison. The essay strip is also collected in Portraits of Life. The Lindbergh Child: Americas Hero and the Crime of the Century (Treasury of XXth Century Murder) by Rick Geary As you can see from the parenthetical in the title, Gearys pretty serial, erserious, about serial killers. Hes written and drawn six graphic accounts of graphic murders from the 20th century, eight more from the Victorian era. Any of them would prove ideal followups to Making a Murder viewers, but Im singling out this, the first in this XXth Century Murder series, for the conspiracy element. The 1932 disappearance, ransom, and murder of toddler Charles Lindbergh,  Jr.  remains a contentious case (as well as a not-so-timely anecdote my mother offers helpless cashiers when shes unable to find correct change in her massive, overstuffed purse). Over a two year investigation numerous suspects were sought and a number of attention-craving interlopers strove to insinuate themselves into the affair. Gearys profiled far more prolific killers, but the Lindbergh case trumps them all for convolution and a startling whorl of deception. Sign up to The Stack to receive  Book Riot Comic's best posts, picked for you. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

A Feedback On The Idea Of Scottish Loch Ness Monster Existence - 1100 Words

A Feedback On The Idea Of Scottish Loch Ness Monster Existence (Essay Sample) Content: Student’s Name Instructor’s Name Course Date Synthesis Essay Over a great period, people have shown great interest regarding the idea of Scottish Loch Ness Monster existence. While specialists conduct a lot of the researches in this field of interest, few to now proofs remain whether the lake beast subsists. Among the factors bringing controversial results are the false testimonies, advertising aims, geographical structure of Scotland and specifically its Highlands. Although researchers use sonars and other technologies, they are not able to give distinctive answers as to the Nessie theory. People’s fears and mythological beliefs also bring misunderstanding. Therefore, at present, it is impossible to clearly state the Loch Ness Monster really exists. When stories about the Loch Ness Monster appear in mass media, one should apply logic to analyze the data and motives which people use to prove the existence of the mentioned creature. According to Bauer, eyewitnesses of the beast subsistence mostly cannot be helpful for science but are serious facts to consider because independent observers and policemen collect them and propose to the public (234). The people who claimed they have seen the creature had similar testimonies describing Nessie’s color of skin and body proportions. Nevertheless, as Bauer states, the witnesses, for example sometimes could not distinguish whether they saw a boat or a real animal (234). Meanwhile, Moir explains these testimonies possess mostly one aim of attracting tourists to the Highlands of Scotland. Keeping in mind most individuals who hunt for the evidence of the beast existence are not scientists one cannot trust their words. Moreover, one of the reasons they involve themselves into the search es is to attract public’s attention. Therefore, although eyewitnesses can be helpful to investigate whether the Loch Ness Monster exists, most of them are not professionals or possess wrong motives. Further, it is needful to look at the current investigation results from the scientific perspective. Bauer argues about a large amount of data proving the water monster really exists. As an example, the author proposes to consider the growing interest to Nessie beginning from 1930 and the appearance of the Dinsdale’s film shot in 1961 (Bauer 226). Bauer notes several details prove the object in the mentioned film is very likely to be something different from a boat: supporters of the Nessie’s existence claim a boat leaves bow-waves and trails that its propeller leaves, while the captured object in the film leaves only the bow-waves (229). However, according to Moir, after the film release a book which offered a portion of skepticism concerning this issue and stating the creature everyone claimed to have been the Loch Ness Monster was just a hoax or some other animal appeared (17). While the Dinsdale’s recorded visual material is the most popular testimony helping to doubt the skeptic views of its observers, there is still a lack of undoubtable scientific support, serious proofs and the absence of dualistic variations of its interpretation. Still, there have been even more attempts to prove the existence of Nessie and this time it acquired a form of sonar scans. As Bauer notes, sonar is a technology which find objects in the water collecting the echoes of the sound waves which these objects produce (230). Nevertheless, the mentioned technology cannot give proper results when somebody needs to find out the objects shape and size; what is more, it does not work effectively with the fact-moving objects (Bauer 230). The author claims that in 1968 engineers used sonar and detected something large moving rapidly upwards and backwards (Bauer 230). Moreover, researchers made similar expeditions in the next few years and collected alike results. Moir has his own interpretation of the mentioned research. As the author claims, underwater currents also known as seiche may be the reason people misinterpret the collected data (Moir 15). The mentioned suggestion sounds reasonable since sound echoes are more likely to be underwater str eams. Therefore, as long as one does not prove the opposite, the theory with the Loch Ness Monster producing sound waves which could state its existence is quite doubtful. When considering the phenomenon of the Loch Ness Monster, it is necessary to note other factors which contribute to its promotion among which are the mythological roots of the problem. It is common knowledge people always tend to dream up everything lacking some convictions with their own assumptions. Oftentimes, in certain life situations, fear interferes into people’s observations and feelings, distorting reality. According to Moir, people’s beliefs in the dinosaur-like beasts arise from the conviction nature can still overcome time and that beasts from the ancient period are capable to continue living up to this day (15). These thoughts have deep roots in the human archetypes of good and evil, and eyewitnesses, often distorted or held with a wrong intention, are contributing to this notion. If to consider whether the Loch Ness beast could exist, even when people reasoned about it a long time ago, it is almost impossible for some creature to exist in a limited space f or centuries. Moreover, though all that time, nobody actually witnessed the existence of Nessie in a full range and undoubtedly accepted by other humans. Furthermore, even if such a creature existed, it had to spawn with the alike animals to give future population, which people would have noticed lon...

Prosauropods - The Ancient Cousins of the Sauropods

If theres one rule of evolution, its that all mighty creatures have smaller, less overwhelming ancestors lurking somewhere back in their family trees--and nowhere is this rule more evident than in the relationship between the giant sauropods of the late Jurassic period and the smaller prosauropods that preceded them by tens of millions of years. Prosauropods (Greek for before the sauropods) werent simply scaled-down versions of Brachiosaurus or Apatosaurus; many of them walked on two legs, and theres some evidence that they may have pursued an omnivorous, rather than strictly herbivorous, diet. (See a gallery of prosauropod dinosaur pictures and profiles.) You might assume from their name that prosauropods eventually evolved into sauropods; this was once thought to be the case, but paleontologists now believe that most prosauropods were actually second cousins, once removed, of the sauropods (not a technical description, but you get the idea!) Rather, it appears that prosauropods evolved in parallel with the true ancestors of sauropods, which have yet to be definitively identified (though there are a number of likely candidates). Prosauropod Physiology and Evolution One of the reason prosauropods are fairly obscure--at least compared to raptors, tyrannosaurs and sauropods--is that they didnt look all that distinctive, by dinosaur standards. As a general rule, prosauropods had long (but not very long) necks, long (but not very long) tails, and only attained median sizes of between 20 and 30 feet and a few tons, max (with the exception of odd genera like the giant Melanorosaurus). Like their distant cousins, the hadrosaurs, most prosauropods were capable of walking on two or four feet, and reconstructions tend to show them in a relatively clumsy, ungainly posture. The prosauropod family tree stretches back to the late Triassic period, about 220 million years ago, when the first dinosaurs were just beginning to establish their worldwide dominance. The earliest genera, like Efraasia and Camelotia, are wrapped in mystery, since their plain vanilla appearance and anatomy meant their ancestors could have evolved in any number of directions. Another early genus was the 20-pound Technosaurus, named after Texas Tech University, which many experts believe to have been an archosaur rather than a true dinosaur, much less a prosauropod. Other early prosauropods, like Plateosaurus and Sellosaurus (which may have been the same dinosaur), are much better established on the dinosaur evolutionary tree thanks to their numerous fossil remains; in fact, Plateosaurus appears to have been one of the most common dinosaurs of late Triassic Europe, and may have roamed the grasslands in giant herds like modern bison. A third famous prosauropod of this period was the hundred-pound Thecodontosaurus, which was named for its distinctive, monitor-lizard-type teeth. Massospondylus is the best-known of the early Jurassic prosauropods; this dinosaur did in fact look like a scaled-down sauropod, but it probably ran on two legs rather than four! What Did Prosauropods Eat? Over and above their evolutionary relationship (or lack of relationship) to the giant sauropods, the most controversial aspect of prosauropods concerns what they ate for lunch and dinner. Based on an analysis of the teeth and relatively lightweight skulls of certain prosauropod genera, some paleontologists have concluded that these dinosaurs werent very well equipped for digesting the tough vegetable matter of the late Triassic period, though there are no direct proof that they ate meat (in the form of fish, insects or smaller dinosaurs). On the whole, the preponderance of the evidence is that prosauropods were strictly herbivorous, though that what if still lingers in the minds of some experts.

How Art Is Art - 1457 Words

When you look upon my walls, you are sure to find art. When you walk down the street, you are sure to find art. Everywhere you look and everywhere you go there is art, but art is more than pictures hanging upon a wall and is more than the paintings that painter John Berger references in his essay â€Å"Ways of Seeing†. Art is not one definable thing, but is of many origins and form. Paintings are art, poetry is art, music is art and so much more. There is simply no way to avoid it. Art has an impact on all of us whether we admit it or not, whether it be posters hanging on our walls or music playing in the background. However, in most of our lives, the art we see and experience is merely a reproduction of an original. Most Americans are part of the middle class and thus cannot afford original pieces of artwork, or afford to witness everything live on a normal basis. Without reproductions many of us would not experience what we know as art, as the original is often out of reach and thus reproductions were born to fill that gap. Reproductions of art provide opportunities and the chance to experience in some way the art that is created, and yet they lack the full intensity of the experience and the value that comes with the original or first-hand experience. A comparison between original artwork and a reproduction is the music industry. Millions of reproductions are downloaded onto personal devices every day, and yet we don’t truly experience the music unless we see it first-handShow MoreRelatedHow Roman Art Became Christian Art881 Words   |  4 PagesAfter Constantine declared Christianity as an official religion, everything changed. In this essay I aim to discuss how Roman art became Christian Art. In other words, I will explain how Romans used their art and style as a formula to create art based on Christianity principals. This essay starts with the use of Roman architecture to practice Christianity. Then I will write about how the image of the Roman emperors became the inspiration for the image of the Jesus. Finally I will discuss the way RomansRead MoreThe Arts And How It Is Beneficial1624 Words   |  7 PagesThe Arts and How It Is Beneficial Over the years, numerous studies and surveys have been conducted about the arts and if and how they are valuable. An overwhelming approval for the arts were shown in nearly all forms of studying the benefits of the arts. Online articles and other media are just a few samples of these studies. Among these articles, states how The arts are essential for the developing brain, for applying and learning skills, for maintaining positive mental health, and for buildingRead MoreHow Art Is Art As An Individual s Recreation Of Nature1429 Words   |  6 PagesSomeone once asked me what is art? Art is an individual’s recreation of nature. It is an expression, something that is meant to be seen and ultimately shared. Moreover, it is an artist’s way of interacting with the world and their perception of the world at a particular time and at a particular place. In other words, artists draw upon their experiences to make sense of the world. This is a point that I would like to build u pon. Looking closely at John Koch’s painting Interlude (1963), I see an artistRead MoreHow can Art be Defined1086 Words   |  5 PagesThe search for a definition of Art has been subject of a complex philosophical reflection incorporated; however, within different thematics because the very idea of Art is changeable as it relies on the culture and the tradition of a particular epoch. Etymologically, the word Aesthetics derives from the Greek à  isthesis, which means perception by the senses. It used to refer as the study of the world of perceptions as the doctrine aimed to discover the complexity of perceptive knowledge. In ancientRead MoreHow Context Affects Art1074 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"How Context Affects Art† If someone is to understand or analyze something in â€Å"historical context, he or she needs the knowledge about the historical circumstances in which it had influence on the work’s themes, techniques, messages, etc. Without understanding the context of the era, a full understanding of the work will be impossible. A work of art can be analyzed within its historical contexts, such as historical circumstances, and contemporary art developments and trends. Most artists and theirRead MoreHow Art Follow One Of The Five Formal Elements Of Art1556 Words   |  7 PagesAll aspects of art follow one of the five formal elements of art. The elements are line, shape, texture, color, and balance. Some elements are subdued, but some paintings have elements that are very obvious. With the artists use of these elements he states what his style is, as well as, the use of medium, and color that directs the viewer’s eye to a specific area of the painting. I will choose paintings to show these elements, how they are used, and what idea the artist is trying to show, andRead MoreHow Art Improves Our Lives831 Words   |  4 PagesArt is a deliberate recreation of a new and special reality that grows from one’s response to life. It improves our existence by enhancing, changing and perpetuating our cultural composition. â€Å"The great artist knows how to impose their particular illusion on the rest of mankind,† proclaimed Guy de Mauspassant. Art improves our lives by directly and indirectly lift the morale of individuals, creating unity and social solidarity. Art creates awareness of social issues. Art may express and reflect theRead MoreHow Has Art Affected Islam?1325 Words   |  6 PagesHow has art affected Islam? Section A: Rational and Preliminary Research Growing up in a Muslim family I was always been told that there are no drawings or paintings of Prophet Muhammed (s.a.v) and not because it was a sin to have one, but that the Prophet (s.a.v) himself told his followers that the only one that should be worshiped was God alone and a drawing or painting of him would get in the way of that sole connection with God. Instead, I have seen very elaborate calligraphy in many mosquesRead MoreHow Can Sell Your Art?1036 Words   |  5 PagesHow to Sell Your Art Online - Key To Success Have you ever heard the famous quote? Give a man a fish, he will eat for a day. Teach a man to fish, he will eat for lifetime. And that is exactly what I am going to talk about in this post. In this post I would teach you how to reap money from selling your art piece to the international market. Internet is the best way to market your stuffs as it has global presence. Even it is increasing to the remote areas of the world. Bingo you have the optionRead MoreHow Humanism Affected Art in the Renaissance764 Words   |  3 PagesHumanism affected the art of the Renaissance because of how Renaissance artists became increasingly interested with humanist concepts, and because of how they tried to incorporate humanist beliefs into their art. Artists conveyed their humanist beliefs by using new techniques such as perspective, and by painting more realistic figures. In addition, humanism encouraged artists to paint using new secular themes that were rediscovered along with classical art and texts. The artists of the Italian Renaissance

Definition and Examples of Back Slang

Back slang is a form of slang in which words are spoken and/or spelled backward. According to  lexicographer Eric Partridge, back slang was popular with the costermongers (street-vendors) in Victorian London. The hallmark of their speech, Partridge said, is the frequency with which they turn words (normal or slangy) into back-slang . . .. The general rule is to spell a word backwards, and then, ideally, to employ the pronunciation approaching the closest to that often impossible arrangement of letters  (Slang Today and Yesterday, 1960). The costermongers themselves referred to back slang as kacab genals.Like rhyming slang, back slang started out as subterfuge, says MIchael Adams, but soon became language games you could play for fun (Slang: The Peoples Poetry, 2009). Examples and Observations If you really want to speak freely around those who shouldnt know your secrets, learn how to form back slang or center slang. When you are next in your local, order a top o reeb  instead of pot of beer, but hope that the bartender understands the slang, or you may be eighty-sixed for the whole kew week. Dont blame the bartender, though, who may not be the right nosper person for the bloomin emag bloomin game.(Michael Adams,  Slang: The Peoples Poetry. Oxford University Press, 2009) Arbitrary Spelling Conventions Back slang is a language constructed on lines—I venture to hint illogical lines—of its own. The initial idea is that all words are to be pronounced backwards; for instance, instead of saying no you say on, for bad man you say dab nam. But you have not proceeded far before you find that the initial idea breaks down. Penny, reversed, would be ynnep, the back slangster says yennup. Evig em a yennup, is his version of Give me a penny. . . . It would be impossible for an English tongue to pronounce many of our words backwards. How would you pronounce night or drink backwards, leaving the spelling as it is? not to speak of more difficult examples. The result is that the back slangster adopts not only an arbitrary spelling, but also an arbitrary pronunciation of his own. (Slang. All the Year Round: A Weekly Journal Conducted by Charles Dickens, November  25, 1893) The Language of Tradesmen and ChildrenBack-slang proper, sometimes employed by barrow-boys and hawkers, and indigenous to certain trades such as the greengrocers and the butchers, where it is spoken to ensure that the customer shall not understand what is being said (Evig reh emos delo garcs dene--Give her some old scrag end) consists simply of saying each word backwards, and when this is impossible saying the name of the letter instead of its sound, usually the first or the last letter, thus: Uoy nac ees reh screckin ginwosh (You can see her knickers showing). An Enfield master reports that he found at least half a dozen boys who could talk it quickly.(Iona and Peter Opie, The Lore and Language of Schoolchildren. Oxford University Press, 1959) Secret Languages Secret languages . . . have an obvious appeal for those who have something to hide. One language used by African slaves, called TUT, was based on phonetics, and used to help teach children to read. Victorian market traders, meanwhile, are thought to have dreamed up back slang—in which a word is spoken backwards, giving us yob for boy--in order to single out customers on whom to palm off shoddy goods. (Laura Barnett, Why We All Need Our Own Secret Slang. The Guardian [UK], June 9, 2009) A 19th-Century Report on Back Slang This back language, back slang, or kacab genals, as it is called by the costermongers themselves, is supposed to be regarded by the rising generation of street-sellers as a distinct and regular mode of intercommunication. People who hear this slang for the first time never refer words, by inverting them, to their originals; and the yanneps, esclops, and nammows, are looked upon as secret terms. Those who practice the slang soon obtain a considerable stock vocabulary, so that they converse rather from the memory than the understanding. Amongst the senior costermongers, and those who pride themselves on their proficiency in back slang, a conversation is  often sustained for a whole evening—that is, the chief words are in the back slang—especially if any flats are present whom they wish to astonish or confuse. . . The back slang has been in vogue for many years. It is . . . very easily acquired, and is principally used by the costermongers and others who practice it . . . for communicating the secrets of their street tradings, the cost of and profit on goods, and for keeping their natural enemies, the police, in the dark.(The Slang Dictionary: Etymological, Historical, and Anecdotal, rev. ed.,  1874)

Should High School Students Be Allowed Cell Phones School

Should High School Students Be Allowed to Bring Cell Phones to School? By Ronnie Phillips | Submitted On July 07, 2011 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook 1 Share this article on Twitter 1 Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon Share this article on Delicious Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest 1 Expert Author Ronnie Phillips Educating young people today is a full time job for all schools in American. Many of our students come to school not prepared to learn. They are in need of extra motivation to get them on the right track. Schools are taking on more and more challenges as they educate our children. The lack of positive support from parents is also at an all time high. To make matters worse, schools have no input on policies that directly affect their job. One of the policies that has a tremendous impact on education involves allowing students to bring cell phones to school. This article will attempt to explain how cell phones are a distraction to the educational environment. Our country is experiencing a breakdown in our K - 12 educational systems. The dropout rate is higher than ever before. When you compare our educational system with those of other countries, we are not in the top twenty. What has happened to our system? There are many reasons for our decline, but this article will deal with one. PoliticiansShow MoreRelatedCell Phones Should Be Allowed in School802 Words   |  4 Pagesanother. You discover that you do not have a cell phone or any device to contact your parents. There won’t be any chance that you and your parents could contact each other. What would you do? How would you feel? It seems to me that if cell phones were allowed in schools, students could contact their parents easier and people could stay in touch. Therefore, cell phones should be allowed to be used in schools. For one, cell phones could provide students with academic help. According to Apple, aboutRead MoreCell Phones And Its Effect On Our Human Interaction1204 Words   |  5 Pageslive off of cell phones, it is considered a necessity of life. By 2015, it is estimated that Americans will consume both traditional and digital media for over 1.7 trillion hours, an average of approximately 15 and a half hours per person per day (Short). Is it good or bad for schools to allow students to have cell phones? The latest Teens and Technology 2013 study, from Pew Research, found that 78 percent of teens aged 12 – 17 own a cell phone (Haselton). However, a Worcester School committee memberRead MoreImportance Of Cell Phones In School809 Words   |  4 Pagesin class with a cell phone going off? Nothing is worse than a phone interrupting you during class. Some schools try to prevent this. For example, at George Washington Middle School, students have to have their phones turned off and in th eir lockers. Although many people believe phones should be in schools for resources, phones shouldn’t be allowed because theyre distracting. they can hurt your education, and they can cause cyberbullying. Phones should not be allowed in school because they areRead MoreLimited Use of Cell Phones1453 Words   |  6 PagesArgumentative essay    Mobile cell phones should be limited in certain schools Mobile phones can be an issue in certain schools. Mobile phones should be banned in elementary and middle schools. However, phones during class in high school and college should be up to the teacher, whether or not to have them. As youths get older, they become more responsible on how they use their phones. Elementary  schools  shouldn’t  have  phones  period.  The  kids  shouldn’t  have  a  phone  that  young.  They  don’t  need  it  for  many  reasonsRead MoreCell Phones Should Not Be Banned910 Words   |  4 PagesCell Phones Should be Allowed in School Seventy eight percent of 12-17 years old have cell phones as of a survey taken in 2013. Cell phones have boomed and its time to let them shine. Cell phones becoming a major part of peoples life’s. Cell phones are welcomed every where this days. There allowed in restaurants and hospitals, but one place they are not welcome are schools. Cell phones should allowed in schools. Cell phones are used by around third of the population. With teenagers being a very bigRead MoreUse Of Cellphones On School Activities Essay1516 Words   |  7 Pagescellphones in school has brought up debates all over the world. While some believe they are an advantage, others believe that they are a hindrance to the learning process. Despite the fact that smartphones can be used for important school activity such as research and time- management, they are also one of the main sources of classroom distractions. As a current student, I can attest to the fact that students often play games or text friends instead of listening to what is being taught. Students often argueRead MoreImpact Of Technology On Our Daily Life1259 Words   |  6 Pagesonly for texting and calling. They are high-tech devices that can access the internet, emails, and social media. However, arguments on whether these functions are necessary for students in high school are beginning to surface. Despite the fact that phones can be utilized educationally and serve as a learning too, this same technology can also be utilized negatively at the wrong time. In agreement with many teachers, â€Å"a fair amount of teachers say cell phones have officially replaced chewing gum asRead MoreShould Cell Phones Be Banned?979 Words   |  4 PagesCellphones in class By: Easton Stackis Have you ever wanted to use cellphones in school? Cell phones have many benefits and positive uses that help students during school a lot. Although cell phones can be distracting they should be allowed in school in case of an emergency, to teach responsibility, and to help in school like homework and research. Cell phones are very helpful in emergencies. With cell phones, parents know if their children alright in an emergency. Which takes a lot of stressRead MoreSmart Phones And Class Rooms1464 Words   |  6 PagesSmart Phones in Class Rooms One of the worst massacre murders to ever occur in an American High School building was the 1999 shooting rampage at Columbine High school in Littleton Colorado. There were 12 students and one teacher who lost their lives because of this incident. Some schools across the country made new policies to allow students to carry cell phones as a means to feel safe. After this incident however, there were schools that continue to ban them. Those schools that don’t allow cell phonesRead MoreCell Phones in School1140 Words   |  5 Pagesever heard of the gruesome Columbine High School massacre? This incident occurred on April 20th 1999 and involved two students embarking on a shooting rampage, killing twelve students, a teacher and wounding twenty three others. Unfortunately during this incident, the school s most easily accessible phone was on the complete other side of the school in the library. Perhaps some of these lives could have been saved if the students in this class had cel l phones that they could ve used to contact the

What Makes A Leader Free Essays

What Makes a Leader In this article we explore what makes a great leader and what groups and levels of skills are needed to be a great leader. Daniel Coleman writes about Emotional Intelligence, how It Is evaluated, and the Importance of Emotional Intelligence for effectiveness of an affective leader. Everyone is born with certain levels of skills that can be strengthened with persistence, practice and feedback from colleagues and coaches. We will write a custom essay sample on What Makes A Leader or any similar topic only for you Order Now Mr.. Coleman preformed over the course of an entire year focusing on how emotional Intelligences operates In the workplace. They examined the relationship teen both effective performance and emotional intelligence especially in leadership roles. The 5 groups of skills are listed as follows: self-awareness, self- regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills, which I will be discussing. Companies hire trained psychologists to develop â€Å"competency models† to aid in identifying, training, and promoting of individuals with these groups of skills. These individuals are those who can recognize their strengths, weaknesses, drives, values and impact on others who know that one needs to control or redirect disruptive Impulses and moods to be an effective leader. Having relishing achievement for own sake and are considerate to other peoples emotional make up by using the rapport built with others to move them in the desired direction. Daniel Coleman distinguishes what makes a great leader from the average one. The five in one secret to success allows you to maximize your leadership skills. Emotional Intelligence benefits you at every level of business giving you the necessary tools most Important to building the right foundation to a solid future and taking the right direction to ensuring a success in your business venture. Take advantage and use your emotional Intelligence to show how capable and effective you can truly be. Self-awareness in the aspect of big business allocates one resources, strong and weak to use to best impact the goals set forward. People with high self-awareness recognize how their feelings affect them, others, and Job performance. Having high self-awareness allows one to make critical decisions that need to be made in order for deadlines to be met and to save future conflict that could have been avoided. Knowing the time and place for things is a good example of having good self- wariness, without it you could potentially ruin a first impression and hinder Impending possible business endeavors. To enhance emotional intelligence companies are altering their training to include the limbic system. This allows for people to break old behavioral habits and establish new ones. It is key to focus that ones emotional intelligence can only come from sincere desire and resolute effort. Once your self-awareness is up to par you will be able to see your Impact on others and see how malleable the people around you really are. Your self-confidence gives o a desire for constructive criticism to better yourself day by day. 1 OFF redirect any disruptive emotions or any impulses that could spawn from a heated altercation with a fellow employee. Biological impulses guide our everyday emotions, we can never get rid of them, but we can control them. This allows one to pick and choose their words carefully not being tempted to kick the chair or flip the desk. People who can control their emotions are often seen as stiff and dispassionate. With self-regulation, patience is vital and will prove faithful when it comes to your integrity and trustworthiness. With time, you become and grow more comfortable with ambiguity and change thus having a stronger grasp on your emotional intelligence. When looking at the aspect of leadership, one with a good head on their shoulders not eager to Jump to make irrational decisions before first going through all of the possible solutions to the problem. This ensures that the best potential outcome will be explored and evaluated to best serve its purpose helping business run as it should and keeping employees content with the workplace. Motivation or inspirational words are that should be followed with ambitious work. When being driven to achieve for only the sake of achievement and accomplishing the task at hand is the only thing on your mind. Taking the passion for the quality and the challenges that come with completing any new task. Being the most optimistic when staring down at a ticking time bomb knowing exactly what must be done and with tender touch in some cases that create the most success. The passion that you hold for the very things you do on a daily basis, anywhere from work itself or for any new challenges that spark your interest. This challenge gives you unflagging energy to improve on your current status in every aspect of life. Optimism will bring you far in life with the regards to having patience for the right thing to take its place and take us to where we need to be. Stressing over every little thing will only slow you down and make you look like less of a professional. Instead of blaming countless other individuals, taking accountability for your actions and stepping up to learn from this experience and apply it to the work place can cause engineer a turn-around. Empathy or ability to consider others feelings when making a decision in the work lace can save you a lot of time and stress from you saying or doing something without fully thinking it through and it turns out if you would of Just thought that through and been a little less selfish you could of seen the bigger picture. With this trait not only will you be improving your work portfolio so you will be developing the ability to develop others by attracting talent by the expertise that you need for a competitive firm. When in the workplace, one doesn’t have two many second chances or second first impressions’. Understanding proper etiquette and the ability to be insensitive to cross-cultural differences could make or break a clients approval. It is very important to make sure you know every subtle detail about your client to avoid risking potential failure and ending a potential venture before it even starts. One thing in our culture could mean something completely and totally opposite in someone else’s and when you think your conveying the correct platform, in reality you are not on the same page as your client due to lack of preparedness due to poor Social skills are the ability to manage relationships to move people in the direction hat is crucial to the development of the company. Being a leader with good social skills one must be effective in leading change, persuasive, extensive networking, and experience in the leading and building of teams. This allows for the leader to manage what exactly they would want their company to adopt to better the future of the enterprise. With the correct social skills, it will ensure that your ability to persuade allies in other divisions to possibly help fund potential endeavors. Even if your social skills are lacking, there is always room to better your own social skills and evolve into he social butterfly that you always intended to be but never had the right force to push you. Once you have found common ground you can build a rapport and take your business to higher levels. Socially skilled people tend to have a vast amount of acquaintances and have the capabilities of finding common ground with all types of people. People who tend to achieve usually are optimistic including times of setbacks or failures. In conclusion, we are shown that everyone has the skills available to potentially be great leaders but that not everyone has the balanced set or capability to reach the Roth needed so we see that as an individual it takes more than Just one trait to be a great leader but it takes five individual characteristics that make up emotional intelligence that allows us to think before we speak and act making sure that we represent ourselves the way that resembles the characteristics that would make company blush and be glad they have you at their business. Conduct yourself with self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy, and social skills and you will have the perfect concoction to making a great leader out of yourself and others around you. How to cite What Makes A Leader, Papers

Out Of Africa Essay Example For Students

Out Of Africa Essay The story is about a Danish girl, her name is Karen Blixen who went to Africaafter she married with Baron. In Africa and more precisely in Kenya she startedto run a coffee-farm. But its failure in 1931 caused her to return to Denmark. Baroness Karen Blixen spent 17 years in Africa. Karen began the coffee-farm withher husband, and continued to oversee the farm even after she separated in 1925. Th e farm was an unprofitable venture. Blixen shares her experiences in herbook. actually she is not like all the other colonists. She helps the Kikoejoes,they are the native population Ngong Hills. When the children are sick she helpsthem and she gives them medicines. Kamante is her cook and he his a nativechild. Kamante is her cook because one day Karen helped him whit a disease . Denys is a friend of Karen, he liked to her a story tolded . Denys lived in herhouse between safari. He was a good friend. Denys also had a plane and from timeto time Karen flew with him over Africa. When Karen left Africa she had to saygoodbye to a lot of peoples. E everybody liked her. She was a friendly girl andwhen she was in Denmark she received letters from her friend sin Kenya. It isnot a book like an other. Karen describes her surroundings -Africas people, shepays careful attention to detail. I have chosen this book because I have livedin Africa for 11 years and while I was reading the book I recognised a lot ofthings. I knew what she was talking about. It looked so familiar to me. And so Iliked the book. Book Reports

Intro Essay Example For Students

Intro Essay I can still picture those long lines and high prices of the latest CD. This has now become just another one of my childhood memories. No more lines or handing someone else my twenty-dollar bill. We can get our music for free now. This has been called one of the best inventions of the century. Many people including myself spend hours on top of hours downloading all those hard to get songs. Finally the consumers are the ones in control. SummaryShawn fanning a nineteen-year-old multi million dollar dropout had the same dream as many Americans had. One day he awoke and didnt go back to sleep until his task was completed. What was his task? To create a software program where people could share their music for free. This technology is called peer-to-peer file sharing and its the biggest thing to hit the Internet since the Internet. Money and lawsuits are now rolling into Shawns pockets like water. Record companies have been working feverishly day and night to try and put a stop to this fad. Companies realized how much this would affect their profits. Buyers could pay $18.99 plus tax for a CD or just spend twenty minutes online for free. As of yet, no one has been able to stop Napster. Even though some court cases are still in judgment it doesnt look to good for the record companies. This has knocked record companies on their feet. Napster is going to stay running for now. ResponseNapster. One word that is known by people of middle class, lower class, old, young, black, white nearly any classification. What would a car be like without a stereo? Can you imagine? Music is very important to people just like their money. So why waste your money when you dont have to. Napster, while being praised by buyers, hated by artists, and loved by Internet geeks, has done wonders to the music and Internet industry. Many artists have tried to stop this worldwide trend by filling lawsuits and starting groups against Napster. Metallica filed a lawsuit and won yet their music is still being download. On the other hand Limp Bizkit recently did a concert with Napster as the sole advertiser. Still, artists seem to think this software is legal theft. Companies have stilled failed to look at the hard facts. The music industry has had a 6.4% increase for this year alone (SpeakOut). Records are being broken with groups like NSync selling 2.4 million CDs the first week of sales (SpeakOut). So why are record companies and artists still angry? Greed!!! Napster is good for publicity. Im sure a new group wouldnt mind having their music downloaded by 800 million people. Thats as good as it gets. What is music made for? Last I heard it was for people. If this is true why dont we have a say in this matter? This is looked over by companies. Since Napsters debut people have been able to download that song they havent heard since they were sixteen. Many people support Napster and resent the fact that its called stealing. Prices have increased about five dollars a CD (SpeakOut). Napster gives hard working people a chance to sit by the fire and listen to their favorite jazz piece. Besides all this is, is another hobby. I dont care how cheap you are no one is going to download and burn a CD as a Christmas gift. People are still going to go to the store and reach for the plastic wrapped case. If the courts decide to ban Napster there is always going to be some kind of loop whole, I mean cmon its the Internet. So why waste more of your money with expensive lawsuits?Shawn fannings invention of the P2P system is one of the biggest talked about subjects in technology. People can use it t o download whole movies off the Internet and even the Centers for Disease Control are using it. Our own government!!! This is only the beginning to a whole new e-era. Hundreds of services are going to branch off from Napster. So why try to ban Napster when your going to have to do the same thing with hundreds of other categories. Obviously P2P is here to stay and sorry to burs your bubble but so is Napster. .ub9554d3f77cd115859a5be3a357c3c06 , .ub9554d3f77cd115859a5be3a357c3c06 .postImageUrl , .ub9554d3f77cd115859a5be3a357c3c06 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub9554d3f77cd115859a5be3a357c3c06 , .ub9554d3f77cd115859a5be3a357c3c06:hover , .ub9554d3f77cd115859a5be3a357c3c06:visited , .ub9554d3f77cd115859a5be3a357c3c06:active { border:0!important; } .ub9554d3f77cd115859a5be3a357c3c06 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub9554d3f77cd115859a5be3a357c3c06 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub9554d3f77cd115859a5be3a357c3c06:active , .ub9554d3f77cd115859a5be3a357c3c06:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub9554d3f77cd115859a5be3a357c3c06 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub9554d3f77cd115859a5be3a357c3c06 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub9554d3f77cd115859a5be3a357c3c06 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub9554d3f77cd115859a5be3a357c3c06 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub9554d3f77cd115859a5be3a357c3c06:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub9554d3f77cd115859a5be3a357c3c06 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub9554d3f77cd115859a5be3a357c3c06 .ub9554d3f77cd115859a5be3a357c3c06-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub9554d3f77cd115859a5be3a357c3c06:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Black Panther Party EssayHonestly record companies are going to have to learn to suck it up. Like the old saying goes, if you cant beat ?em join ?em. Who knows the industry could be trying to get rid of something that is just as poplar as music. Money, since this is their main concern, can be through Napster. If record labels could just pull their head out of their butts and actually cooperate with their foe, the case could be shut. After all isnt there more music listeners than big time executives and artists?Bibliographynone

Eid Collection by Nishat Essay Example

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Tel: 022-2729972-3 022-2729934 Clifton DHA For business enquiries, please contact : Gulberg Chandni Bazaar +9221-111-485-485 +9221-111-486-486 Ext. 6530, 6517 6510 inquiry. [emailprotected] om [emailprotected] com [emailprotected] com [emailprotected] com Gulberg III Faisalabad Jaranwala Road Doburj Shopping Mall, Kohinoor City. Tel: 041-8535685 Iqbal Town Liberty sialkot Sialkot Cantt. Eastern Portion Building, V Mall Adj. to Borjan, Sialkot Cantt. Tel: 052-4292070 Mall Road www. gulahmedshop. com www. gulahmedfashion. com www. gulahmed. com Exclusively available at IDEAS GulAhmed exclusiv e stores and nationwide all GujRat Main Court Road Abdullah Mall, Main Court Road. Tel: 053-3606490 053-3607945 Gulshan-e-Iqbal Hyderi Lasbela Model Town GujRanwala Satellite Town Wapda Town Green Center, Main Market. Tel: 055-3734007 Kings Mall, By Pass, Opposite Wapda Town, (opening soon) LEADInG STorES Get Mobile Stay Connected With Us On Your Smart Phone/Tablets Saddar Ravi Road Mirpur (ajk) Kotli Road Plot No. 63-A, Muhammad Ismail Plaza. Tel: 05827-437353-5 Wapda Town Multan Ismail Abdali Road 77, Abdali Tower, Near Ramada Hotel Abdali Road. Tel : 061-4574005-10 Pace N Pace, Shop No. 15-18 24-30 Ground Floor Hall, Bosan Road. (opening soon) islaMabad F-7 Markaz Plot No. 13-A, Main Double Road, F-7 Markaz. Tel: 051-2652491-96 Al-Safa Gold, Shop No. S-21 S-28 Second Floor, Plot No. 5, Markaz F-7. (opening soon) F-10 Markaz Building No. 7-G, Lords Plaza, F-10 Markaz. Tel: 051-2113614-19 Download QR Reader From Your Mobile APP Store And Place Device Cam On The Above Image Tariq Road pesHawar University Road Property No. 1185/1242 Main Jamrood University Road. Tel : 091-5854154-8 facebook. com/gulahmedfashion twitter. com/gulahmedfashion Designs, Patterns and brand names are exclusive property of GulAhmed Textile Mills Limited under the copyright act, and no attempt shall be made to counterfeit these designs patterns and brand names. 118 119 eid C o l l e C t i o n 120